As with many types of surgery, the trend has been towards lesser invasive forms of surgery with potential for reduced physical repercussions, reduced complication rates and improved outcomes.  Some of the techniques available are listed below as well as the respective diseases that can be treated with them.

 

Endoscopic Spinal Surgery:

• Discectomy
• Spinal Fusion

 

Endoscopic Intracranial Surgery:

• Pituitary Tumour Resection
• Management of Hydrocephalus without Shunts
• Intraventricular or Skull base Tumour Removal

 

Endovascular Embolization:

• Coiling of Aneurysms
• Treatment of AVMs
• Reduction of Surgical Bleeding from Tumours